{"id":8123,"date":"2026-10-17T12:11:08","date_gmt":"2026-10-17T12:11:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/?p=8123"},"modified":"2026-10-17T12:11:08","modified_gmt":"2026-10-17T12:11:08","slug":"mai-trung-thu-and-three-vietnamese-mona-lisas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/mai-trung-thu-and-three-vietnamese-mona-lisas\/","title":{"rendered":"Mai Trung Thu and three Vietnamese Mona Lisas"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Among the <em>t\u1ee9 ki\u1ec7t tr\u1eddi \u00c2u<\/em> (the four celebrated Vietnamese painters who made their careers in Europe), Mai Trung Thu is often regarded as the artist most deeply imbued with Vietnamese culture, one who remained passionately committed to preserving Vietnamese identity across artistic disciplines. Strongly rooted in Vietnamese cultural identity, he frequently Vietnamised celebrated works from the Western painting tradition. Other examples include <em>Nu (Nude)<\/em> (1970), inspired by Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres\u2019s <em>La Grande Odalisque<\/em> (1814), and <em>Mother and Child in a Garden<\/em> (1971) and <em>Mother and Child<\/em> (c. 1970s), inspired by classical depictions of the Madonna and Child, such as Raphael\u2019s <em>Madonna of the Pinks<\/em> (c. 1506\u20131507). Perhaps his most recognisable reinterpretations, however, are those based on Leonardo da Vinci\u2019s <em>Mona Lisa<\/em> (c. 1503\u20131506).<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_8130\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-8130\" style=\"width: 2048px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-8130 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Khoa-than-1970-2048x1386-1.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1386\" srcset=\"https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Khoa-than-1970-2048x1386-1.webp 2048w, https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Khoa-than-1970-2048x1386-1-300x203.webp 300w, https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Khoa-than-1970-2048x1386-1-1024x693.webp 1024w, https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Khoa-than-1970-2048x1386-1-768x520.webp 768w, https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Khoa-than-1970-2048x1386-1-1536x1040.webp 1536w, https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Khoa-than-1970-2048x1386-1-1200x812.webp 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-8130\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mai Trung Thu, Nude (c.1970s), ink and gouache on silk. Photo: Christie&#8217;s.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_8129\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-8129\" style=\"width: 1920px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-8129 size-full lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/La_grande_odalisque_-_Jean-Auguste_Dominique_Ingres_-_Musee_du_Louvre_Peintures_RF_1158.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1071\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/La_grande_odalisque_-_Jean-Auguste_Dominique_Ingres_-_Musee_du_Louvre_Peintures_RF_1158.webp 1920w, https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/La_grande_odalisque_-_Jean-Auguste_Dominique_Ingres_-_Musee_du_Louvre_Peintures_RF_1158-300x167.webp 300w, https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/La_grande_odalisque_-_Jean-Auguste_Dominique_Ingres_-_Musee_du_Louvre_Peintures_RF_1158-1024x571.webp 1024w, https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/La_grande_odalisque_-_Jean-Auguste_Dominique_Ingres_-_Musee_du_Louvre_Peintures_RF_1158-768x428.webp 768w, https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/La_grande_odalisque_-_Jean-Auguste_Dominique_Ingres_-_Musee_du_Louvre_Peintures_RF_1158-1536x857.webp 1536w, https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/La_grande_odalisque_-_Jean-Auguste_Dominique_Ingres_-_Musee_du_Louvre_Peintures_RF_1158-1200x669.webp 1200w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1920px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1920\/1071;\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-8129\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres, \u201cGrande Odalisque (La grande Odalisque)\u201d (1814), oil on canvas, 88.9 \u00d7 162.56 cm. Photo: The Lourve Museum.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_8128\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-8128\" style=\"width: 2087px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-8128 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Me-va-con-1941-scaled-1.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"2087\" height=\"2560\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Me-va-con-1941-scaled-1.webp 2087w, https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Me-va-con-1941-scaled-1-245x300.webp 245w, https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Me-va-con-1941-scaled-1-835x1024.webp 835w, https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Me-va-con-1941-scaled-1-768x942.webp 768w, https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Me-va-con-1941-scaled-1-1252x1536.webp 1252w, https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Me-va-con-1941-scaled-1-1670x2048.webp 1670w, https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Me-va-con-1941-scaled-1-1200x1472.webp 1200w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 2087px) 100vw, 2087px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 2087px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 2087\/2560;\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-8128\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mai Trung Thu, &#8220;Mother and child&#8221; (1941), ink and colour on silk. Photo: Sotheby&#8217;s.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_8127\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-8127\" style=\"width: 870px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-8127 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Madonna-of-the-pinks.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"870\" height=\"1080\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Madonna-of-the-pinks.webp 870w, https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Madonna-of-the-pinks-242x300.webp 242w, https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Madonna-of-the-pinks-825x1024.webp 825w, https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Madonna-of-the-pinks-768x953.webp 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 870px) 100vw, 870px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 870px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 870\/1080;\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-8127\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Raphael, &#8220;Madonna of the pinks&#8221; (c. 1506\u20131507), oil on wood. 27.9 \u00d7 22.4 cm. Photo: The National Gallery (London).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The <em>Mona Lisa<\/em> painted in 1958 appeared at Sotheby\u2019s Singapore\u2019s <em>Modern &amp; Contemporary Art<\/em> sale on the afternoon of 2 July 2023. The painting sold for SGD 304,800, approximately USD 225,410, against a pre-sale estimate of SGD 130,000\u2013200,000. It was the third of Mai Trung Thu\u2019s <em>Mona Lisa<\/em> paintings to appear on the market, all three having been offered at Sotheby\u2019s. Chronologically, however, it was the first he created. All three works are executed in ink and gouache on silk and presented in frames made by the artist himself. Although their dimensions differ, each retains the height-to-width ratio of Leonardo\u2019s original.<\/p>\n<p>Measuring 34.5 \u00d7 27.6 cm, the 1958 painting is the middle-sized of the three. Its <em>Mona Lisa<\/em> has black hair and willow-leaf-shaped eyes, and wears a deep-red \u00e1o d\u00e0i <em>Le Mur \u2013<\/em>\u00a0a modernised Vietnamese long dress associated with the 1930s dress-reform movement\u2014beneath an olive-green silk veil that falls down her body. The sitter\u2019s face still reveals the artist\u2019s preliminary pencil sketches and the ink lines he repeatedly revised, a characteristic feature of many of Mai Trung Thu\u2019s silk paintings from the 1950s to the 1970s. Following the original composition, she sits on a wooden chair on a balcony, both the chair and balcony decorated with East Asian motifs. The landscape behind her likewise echoes Leonardo\u2019s original, combining Western academic oil-painting conventions with East Asian ink-wash painting. A red artist\u2019s seal bearing the name Mai Thu and the year \u201c1958\u201d, written in Chinese characters, appears beside her right shoulder. The painting is accompanied by a certificate of authenticity from Mai Lan Phuong, the artist\u2019s daughter, and the Mai-Thu Committee.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_8126\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-8126\" style=\"width: 1708px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-8126 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Mona-Lisa-1958-scaled-1.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1708\" height=\"2560\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Mona-Lisa-1958-scaled-1.webp 1708w, https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Mona-Lisa-1958-scaled-1-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Mona-Lisa-1958-scaled-1-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Mona-Lisa-1958-scaled-1-768x1151.webp 768w, https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Mona-Lisa-1958-scaled-1-1025x1536.webp 1025w, https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Mona-Lisa-1958-scaled-1-1366x2048.webp 1366w, https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Mona-Lisa-1958-scaled-1-1200x1799.webp 1200w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1708px) 100vw, 1708px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1708px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1708\/2560;\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-8126\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mai Trung Thu, \u201cMona Lisa\u201d (1958), gouache, 34.5 \u00d7 27.6 cm. Photo: Sotheby\u2019s.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The 1961 painting is a smaller version of the 1958 work, measuring 25 \u00d7 17.5 cm. It was exhibited in Paris at the Salon de No\u00ebl in the same year, shortly after its completion. Here, the veil changes to blue, harmonising with the mountain ranges in the background and creating greater colour contrast, as well as a fresher sense of space. The \u00e1o d\u00e0i is redesigned with a round neckline; below the thighs, a green inner \u00e1o d\u00e0i panel stands out against the white linen trousers. More of the chair\u2019s back is visible, and its ornamentation features softer, more flowing curves than in the earlier painting, enhancing the sitter\u2019s femininity and grace. The red artist\u2019s seal moves to the upper-left corner. Sotheby\u2019s sold this version in 2010 for HKD 137,500, equivalent to approximately USD 17,500 at the time.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_8125\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-8125\" style=\"width: 1076px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-8125 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Mona-Lisa-1961.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1076\" height=\"1600\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Mona-Lisa-1961.webp 1076w, https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Mona-Lisa-1961-202x300.webp 202w, https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Mona-Lisa-1961-689x1024.webp 689w, https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Mona-Lisa-1961-768x1142.webp 768w, https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Mona-Lisa-1961-1033x1536.webp 1033w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1076px) 100vw, 1076px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1076px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1076\/1600;\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-8125\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mai Trung Thu, &#8220;Mona Lisa&#8221; (1961), gouache on silk. Photo: Sotheby&#8217;s.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Finally, the 1974 version is the largest, measuring 53.5 \u00d7 37.5 cm. It first appeared at Sotheby\u2019s in 1998 and returned to the market at Christie\u2019s in 2021, selling for HKD 5,625,000, approximately USD 717,000 at the time. In this painting, the palette shifts towards cooler tones, set against the warm, golden hue of the sitter\u2019s skin. Her veil becomes a vivid green, while the <em>ao dai<\/em> turns deep blue, decorated with a simplified <em>chu tho <\/em>motif \u2013 an auspicious design based on the Chinese character for longevity\u2014and finished with a round neckline and red buttons. The white linen trousers have become black. Perhaps the young woman has now become a mature woman, having experienced certain upheavals in life. The blue-green wash of the mountain range behind her seems to evoke Ha Long Bay. The glow of the sunset suggests that this is still the same woman, now simply more contemplative with age. The balcony and wooden chair have accordingly returned to more angular, square motifs, shedding the decorative curves that lent the previous version its elegance. The artist\u2019s seal, too, has moved, now occupying the more discreet position of the lower-right corner.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_8124\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-8124\" style=\"width: 1740px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-8124 size-full lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Mona-Lisa-1974-1-scaled-1.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1740\" height=\"2560\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Mona-Lisa-1974-1-scaled-1.webp 1740w, https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Mona-Lisa-1974-1-scaled-1-204x300.webp 204w, https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Mona-Lisa-1974-1-scaled-1-696x1024.webp 696w, https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Mona-Lisa-1974-1-scaled-1-768x1130.webp 768w, https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Mona-Lisa-1974-1-scaled-1-1044x1536.webp 1044w, https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Mona-Lisa-1974-1-scaled-1-1392x2048.webp 1392w, https:\/\/artnation.vn\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Mona-Lisa-1974-1-scaled-1-1200x1766.webp 1200w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1740px) 100vw, 1740px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1740px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1740\/2560;\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-8124\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mai Trung Thu, &#8220;Mona Lisa&#8221; (1974), gouache on silk. Photo: Quang San Art Museum.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>These can therefore be understood as three distinct paintings of the same figure, each conveying different intentions and reflections. The final version has been repatriated to Vietnam and is now on display at Quang San Art Museum in Ho Chi Minh City, where it is open to the public.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>Words: Ace Le<br \/>\nTranslation: Art Nation<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Three paintings of the Mona Lisa by Mai Trung Thu take on on a different bearing in each work, as though the silk itself had recorded the vicissitudes of life.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":8132,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[247,240,248],"class_list":["post-8123","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-art-natomy","tag-mai-trung-thu","tag-modern-art","tag-mona-lisa"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v21.4 (Yoast SEO v26.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Mai Trung Thu and three Vietnamese Mona Lisas - 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